A Comprehensible Guide to SAE J1939

ISBN: 978-09765116-3-2
Printed: 113 pages, 7.4″ x 9.7″, Paperback, perfect binding
Publisher: Copperhill Technologies Corporation
Copyright: © 2008 by Copperhill Technologies Corporation
Language: English

SAE J1939 is an industry-standard used in off-highway machines for construction, material handling, and forestry. It is a protocol based on Controller Area Network (CAN) and is used for communication between Electronic Control Units (ECUs) in heavy-duty vehicles.

The data exchanged between these units can include information such as vehicle speed, torque control messages, oil temperature, engine coolant temperature, vehicle position, and many more.

The information in this book is based on two documents of the SAE J1939 Standards Collection:

J1939/21 – Data Link Layer
J1939/81 – Network Management

A Comprehensible Guide to J1939 is the first published work to provide detailed information on the J1939 message format and network management while maintaining a high level of readability.

This book aims to provide an enjoyable and easy-to-read reference for everyone. Its information is based on publicly available sources, such as websites and printed literature, and contributions from engineers knowledgeable about the Controller Area Network and the J1939 protocol. The book’s information is based on the J1939 standard but does not reproduce any copyrighted SAE document.

This book is not meant to replace the entire SAE J1939 Standards Collection. This is especially true for the standards SAE J1939 and SAE J1939/71, which mainly contain data references and account for roughly 1600 pages of 8.5 x 11” in size. These data references are not included in this book. The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensible guide to the standard.

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Extensions to the Book

1. Introduction to J1939

2. Overview – Controller Area Network and J1939
2.1 CAN Characteristics
2.1.1 Frames
2.1.1.1 CAN Data Frame Architecture
2.1.2 Multi-Master Bus Access
2.1.3 Message Broadcasting
2.1.4 Message Priority
2.1.5 Short Messages
2.1.6 Bus Arbitration
2.1.7 Error Detection and Fault Confinement
2.2 CAN Higher Layer Protocols
2.2.1 CANopen
2.2.2 DeviceNet
2.2.3 SAE J1939
2.3 J1939 Characteristics
2.3.1 J1939 Quick Reference
2.3.2 J1939 Message Format
2.3.3 Network Management
2.4 Other J1939 Based Protocols
2.4.1 ISO 11783 (ISOBUS)
2.4.2 MilCAN
2.4.3 NMEA 2000

3.   The J1939 Standards Collection
3.1 ISO/OSI 7-Layer Reference Model
3.2 J1939 Documents
3.2.1 SAE J1939
3.2.2 SAE J1939/11 Physical Layer
3.2.3 SAE J1939/13 Off-Board Diagnostic Connector
3.2.4 SAE J1939/15 Reduced Physical Layer
3.2.5 SAE J1939/21 Data Link Layer
3.2.6 SAE J1939 Network Layer
3.2.7 SAE J1939/71 Vehicle Application Layer
3.2.8 SAE J1939/73 Application Layer – Diagnostics
3.2.9 SAE J1939/74 Application – Configurable Messaging
3.2.10     SAE J1939/75 Application Layer – Generator Sets and Industrial
3.2.11     SAE J1939/81 Network Management

4. J1939 Message Format
4.1 Extended Message Identifier
4.2 Protocol Data Unit
4.3 Communication Methods
4.4 Parameter Group Numbers
4.4.1 Parameter Groups (PG)
4.4.2 Suspect Parameter Number (SPN)
4.4.3 Parameter Group Number Architecture
4.4.5 Parameter Group Number Range
4.4.6 Parameter Group Number Compilation
4.4.7 Proprietary Parameter Group Numbers
4.4.8 Parameter Group Assignments
4.4.9 Data Field Grouping
4.4.10    Message Types
4.4.10.1 Command
4.4.10.2 Request
4.4.10.3 Broadcast/Response
4.4.10.4 Acknowledgement
4.4.10.5 Group Functions
4.5 Transport Protocol Functions
4.5.1 Message Packaging and Reassembly
4.5.2 Connection Management
4.5.2.1  Multi-Packet Broadcast
4.5.2.2  Multi-Packet Peer-to-Peer

5.          J1939 Network Management
5.1 Address Claiming Procedure Overview
5.1.1 Single Address Capable ECUs
5.1.2 Arbitrary Address Capable ECUs
5.2 ECU NAME and Addresses
5.2.1 NAME
5.2.1.1  NAME Field: Arbitrary Address Capable
5.2.1.2  NAME Field: Industry Group
5.2.1.3  NAME Field: Vehicle System Instance
5.2.1.3  NAME Field: Vehicle System
5.2.1.5  NAME Field: Reserved
5.2.1.3  NAME Field: Function
5.2.1.7  NAME Field: Function Instance
5.2.1.3 NAME Field: ECU Instance
5.2.1.9  NAME Field: Manufacturer Code
5.2.1.10 NAME Field: Identity Number
5.2.1.11 NAME Field Dependencies
5.2.2 Addresses
5.2.2.1  Preferred Addresses
5.2.2.2  NULL Address
5.2.2.3  Global Address
5.3 Network Management Procedure
5.3.1 Address Claim Procedure
5.3.2 Address Management Messages
5.3.2.1  Request for Address Claimed
5.3.2.2  Address Claimed / Cannot Claim
5.3.2.3  Commanded Address